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Bodrum Guide Bodrum
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1950 Peter Thockmorton discovered in Athens, in National Museum a very important piece showing the assembly of the planking with the use of wooden tenons and mortise. 1953 First time a prototype of underwater television was used. The technicians archeologist watched the work of divers from their armchairs. 1953 The great underwater discoveries in Turkey started when sponge divers discovered bronze statues of Demeter, goddess of agriculture and fertility. Izmir Archaeological Museum bought the statue. 1955 First Conference of Underwater Archeology was held in Cannes where the archeologist spoke of massacre of artifacts and amphorae during the Salvage operations. This was a turning point. Everyone agreed that archeologist were needed at the bottom of the sea and the excavation of an underwater site should not be considered as 'fishing for the amphorae'. American Journalist, Peter Thockmorton came to Bodrum in 1958 and took part in underwater search with sponge divers from Izmir. Turkish sponge diver Kemal Aras guided Peter to Gelidonya, Gelidonya wreck, loaded with bronze ingots. situated in the west of Antalya and He dived to site.1959 Peter dived to the wreck and recognized it as Bronze age shipwreck. He informed University Of Pennsylvania about this site. He also manage to persuade a field archeologist, George Bass to excavate there. The dig at Gelidonya revealed great information on the Bronze Age shipwrecks and ship building techniques of the ancient times on the Eastern Mediterranean. This was also first underwater dig in Turkey and first time a metal grid was used to mark the location of an excavation site on one of the shipwrecks. 1957/59 A different approach was tried in Sweden after the discovery of five shipwrecks at very swallow waters. Swedish archeologist built a cofferdam around the shipwrecks and pumped the water and excavated these ships. A great number of classical Shipwrecks were discovered on the French Mediterranean Coast. The Yassiada shipwrecks, excavated in 1961 at Yassiada, showed us two major ship building methods: shell first and frame first techniques. This was also first underwater excavation in the proper meaning where archaeologist used metal grid system. From this date on, the archeologist chose their sites to improve their knowledge on ship building techniques.
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